Sáng kiến kinh nghiệm How to teach reading effectively

t in games around it .
g.Later the international working class made the first of May their day of solidarity .
h.On Easter Day , young children receive chocolate or sugar eggs as long as they are good .]
i. In many countries , people crowd the streets to watch colorful parades . 
* Answer :
: 
Passage A
 a – b – d – f – g .
Passage B
c – e – h – i .
 11.Read a passage and find the words from the passage having the same meaning as the words given in the exercise . ( or find the words from the passage having different meaning from the words given in the exercise ) .
Ex : Read the passage carefully and find the words in the passage having the same meanings as the words in the exercise below .
 UFOs are strange flying objects that some people report they have seen in the sky and believed to be spacecraft from another planet . Many scientists do not believe so . They say that if people see a UFO , it might be an aircraft , a weather balloon or a meteor . However , there is still evidence for people to believe in the existence of UFOs .
In 1947, Kenneth Arnold , an experienced pilot in the USA , reported that he saw nine large objects traveling at about 2,800 meters an hour to the left and north of Mount Rainier .In 1952 , there were more than 1,500 UFO sightings around the world.In 1954, a woman and her children believed they saw a UFO above their house . The woman said she saw two aliens in the spacecraft . In 1964 , a farmer claimed he saw an egg-shaped object in one of his fields and also aliens collecting soil samples. In 1971, two men claimed they were captured by aliens and taken aboard a spacecraft . After being examined by the aliens , the men were freed . 
Exercise 1: Find the words from the text having the following meanings .
a.proof / support .
b. falling star / or shooting star .
c. unknown / strange people or things .
d. bring together or gathering .
e. caught as a prisoner .
f. become impossible to see .
12.Read a passage and number the sentences given as mentioned in the passage .
Ex : Read the passage , then number the sentences .
The students of Quang Trung School had a medical check-up yesterday. Hoa, Lan and Nga filled in their medical records and gave them to the nurse. When the nurse called her name, Hoa left the the waiting room and came to the nurse’s room.First, the nurse took her temperature. Then,she measured her. Next, the nurse weighed Hoa .Finally, the nurse told Hoa to go back to the waiting room. Hoa went back to the waiting room to wait for the doctor. 
a.The nurse weighed Hoa.
b.Hoa returned to the waiting room.	
c.Hoa left the waiting room.
d.The nurse called Hoa’s name .
e.The nurse measured Hoa .
f.Hoa filled in her medical record.
g.The nurse took Hoa’s temperature.
h.The nurse told Hoa to go back to the waiting room.
* Answer : 
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
f
d
c
g
e
a
h
b
13.Read a passage and the sentences given below . Then choose the best summary of the passage from the sentences given .
Ex : Read the passage and then decide which of the followings is the best summary of the passage .
In Western countries , electricity, gas, and water are not luxury but necessities. Companies now realize that consumers want products that will not only work effectively, but also save money.
For most North American households, lighting accounts for 10 percent to 15 percent of the electricity bill. However, this amount can be reduced by replacing an ordinary 100-watt light bulb with an energy-saving bulb. These bulbs use a quarter of the electricity of standard bulbs and last eight times longer. Therefore, consumers can save about US$7 to US$21 per bulb.
In Europe, threr is a labeling scheme for refrigerators, washing machines, freezers and tumble dryers. The label tells the consumers how much energy efficiency each model has, compared with other appliances in the same category.
Ultimately, these innovations will save money as well as conserve the Earth’s resources.
* Which of the followings is the best summary of the passage .
1.Energy- saving bulbs should be used to save electricity.
2.In Western countries, electricity, gas, and water are necessities.
3.North American and European countries are interested in saving money .
4.Labeling schemes help save energy .
* Answer : 3
14.Read a passage and then take role – play about the content of the text .
Ex :Read the passage about Isaac Newton and then take role-plays in pairs : one of you is an interviewer, the other is Isaac Newton.
Isaac Newton is one of the greatest men in the history of scientists . He was born in a small village of wootsphore in England . His father was a poor farmer. When the boy was fourteen, his father died . Newton left school and helped his mother on the farm. But the boy did not like farming, he was font of poetry and mathematics. So Newton was sent to school where he studied well and made his first scientific experiments. After he left school, Newton studied at Cambridge University .
After graduating , Newton lectured on mathematics at Cambridge University. His greatest discovery is the law of gravitation. 
He died on March 20, 1727. Today there is a monument of Newton in Trinity College at Cambridge. 
Interviewer
Isaac Newton
1.Where were you born?
2.what is your job? 
3.What is your father’s job?
4.
5.
6.
7.
1. I was born in a small village of Wootsphore in England.
2.I’m a scientist.
3. He is a farmer.
15.Read some separate passages and the descriptions , then decide which passage each description talks about .
Ex: Read about 8 places in Sydney, Australia and then decide whether 5 following people should choose which of the most siutable places for them .
The Harbourside Development is one of the world’s most exciting places to shop. It’s found right on the edge of Sydney Habour, and there are over 200 shops, selling everything from home-made sweets to the very latest in fashion; from Australian souvenirs to Swiss watches and Japanese cameras.
The Australian Wildlife Park has been specially built to give people an extra close look at Australia’s native animals. Have your photo been taken with a kangaroo, touch and feed koala bears. There are talks every afternoon about these animals, which are only found in this part of the world. Excellent souvenir shop. 
A visit to the Australian Museum is like an adventure across Australia. There are exhibitions on the people and their way of life, and the whole continent.talks and guided tours help to make your visit unforgettable. There’s also a café and a good book shop, selling excellent maps .
 The Opera House. This is a 20th century masterpiece of engineering and offers top international performances. A guided tour lasts two hours and is available any day between 9 am and 4 pm. Special “backstage” tours are available on Sundays .
A.	B.
One of the world’s leading museums, the Powerhouse Museum has over 25 exhibitions on the latest developments in science and technology. Everything from a NASA space station to the first car ever built can be found at this museum. There are also many activities for children here.
C.	D.
.	.
 The State Library is in the oldest part of Sydney. There are free film screenings, guided tours and educational activities. It has regular exhibitions of books on science and technology. Learn to use a microcomputer, watch a video, or look through the library shop.
 Surrounded by the modern city, the Rocks is the oldest part of Sydney and full of history. On weekends there are outdoor concerts and street theatre to enjoy. Every Saturday and Sunday there is a market where it is possible to buy the works of local artists. 
 Taronga Zoo has Australia’s finest collection of rainforest birds and a sealife center which has many of the fish that can be found off the coasts of Australia and New Zealand. Taronga is also famous for its large group of South East Asian monkeys. Snacks available at café.
 One of the world’s leading museums, the Powerhouse Museum has over 25 exhibitions on the latest developments in science and technology. Everything from a NASA space station to the first car ever built can be found at this Museum. There are also many activities for children here. 
E.	F.	F.
G.	H.
a.Mr. Binh is an engineer and would like to spend a day looking at modern inventions and scientific discoveries. His 12-year-old daughter will probaly go with him .
b.Mrs. Huong and her young son want to spend a day out and see some of the animals that Australia is famous for.Mrs. Huong also wants to buy presents to take home . 
c.Before she leaves Australia, Mai wants to spend a day shopping . She is looking for something special for her father, who is interested in art. She dislikes large shopping centers.
d.Mr. Long is hoping to spend six months touring round the whole of Australia. Before setting off he wants to find out as much as possible about its history and inhabitants.
e.Mr. Trung is interested in modern buildings , and always likes to get to know as much as possible about them. He also enjoys listening to music.
 * Answers : a + G b + B c + F d + C e + D 
16.Read an open – text and choose the correct word or phrase ( A , B , C ,or D ) to complete the passage .
Ex: Read the passage below and choose the correct word for each space.
Wales has a (0)..of about three million. English is the main language and only twelve per cent speak both Welsh and English. Every year (1)August there is a Welsh-speaking festival. It (2)..place in a different town each year so everyone has the chance for it to be near them. Local people (3).years making plans for when the festival will be in (4)..town. Each festival is (5)..by about 160,000 people. They travel not only from naerby towns and villages (6).also from the rest of the British Isles and (7) from abroad. There are concerts, plays and (8). To find best singers , poets, writers, and so on. Shops sell Welsh music , books, pictures and clothes as (9)as food and drink. The festival provides a chance for Welsh-speaking people to be together for a whole week, with (10)Welsh language all around them.
0 A .people B.public C.population D.country
1.A .on B.by C. in D.at
2.A .Takes B .finds C. has D.makes 
3.A .pass B.put C. spend D. do
4.A .our B.their C .his D. its
5.A . arrived B. attended C.joined D.come 
6.A .but B. and C. since D.however
7.A .just B.hardly C.quite D.even
8.A .test B.examination C.competitions D.races
9.A .long B.far C.good D.well
10.A .one B.a C.the D.some
Answers:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
C
A
C
B
B
A
D
C
D
C
17. Read the text carefully and choose the correct answer.
The research of alternative resources of energy has resulted in different directions. Many communities are burning garbage and other biological waste products to produce electricity.
Experimental work is being done to make synthetic fuels from coal, or coal tars . But to date , that process has proved expensive. Some experts are trying to revive hydroelectric power which is derived from streams and rivers. Fifty years ago, hydroelectric power provided one third of the electricity used in the United States, but today it supplies only four per cent . The oceans are another source of energy. Scientists are studying ways to change the energy of ocean currents, tides, and waves into electricity.
 -synthetic fuel: nhiên liệu tổng hợp 
 -hydroelectric power:năng lượng thuỷ điện.
1.What are many communities doing to produce electricity?
 a.burning garbage and other biological waste products.
 b. changing waste products into power 
 c. searching for alternative resources 
2.Has the process of making synthetic fuels proved cheap or expensive ?
 a. It has proved cheap
 b. It has proved expensive
 c.It hasn’t proved expensive 
3. Where is hydroelectric power derived from?
 a.rivers and oceans
 b.lakes and streams
 c.rivers and streams
4.What percentage of the electricity used in the United States does hydroelectric power provide today ?
 a. 33% b.35% c. 4% 
5.What are scientists studying ?
 a.ways to have electricity from the energy of ocean.
 b.ways to change the energy of ocean currents, tides, and waves into electricity 
 c.a and b are correct. 
* Answers:
1 – a 2 – b 3 – c 4 – c 5 – c .
18.Read an open – text and choose the words given to fill in the blanks .
Late , Lunar , greetings , celebrated , make , on , sticky , their , visits , one 
Vietnamese’s New year is(1).according to the Lunar calendar.It is officially known as the (2)  New Year or Tet. It occurs in (3).January or early February . The exact date changes from year to year . Vietnamese people usually(4)..preparation for Tet holiday several weeks beforehand. They clean and decorate (5)homes,cook special food such as (6)rice cakes, and make offerings (7)..the family altars.On Tet,people usually put on their new clothes , give (8) another the Tet season’s (9).., and pay mutual (10)...
* Answers:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
celebrated
lunar
late
make
their
sticky
on
one
greetings
visits
19.Read the text and do the matching .
Ex: Read the text carefully and then match the words with their definitions.
Northern Japan has been rocked by a series of earthquakes and aftershocks that began on 23 October 2004 and left at least 23 people dead and thousands more injured and homeless.
The initial quake that struck the Niigata prefecture on Honshu Island measured 6.5 on the Richter Scale , with a depth of 9.8 miles, according to the U.S . Geological Survey(USGS). The earthquake’s epicenter was located about 162 miles northwest of Tokyo in Ojiya City, where several deaths were reported , housing was destroyed and landslides added to the devastation . Tremors from the initial quake were said to have been felt as far away as Tokyo, with two aftershocks measuring 6.2 and 6.0 on the Richter Scale and another 5.7-magnitude earthquake occurred on Monday, October 25 .
The quakes demolished more than 1,000 buildings, caused widespread power and gas outages and damaged water mains . Rescue efforts were hindered by impassible roads , lack of electricity and collapsed bridges .
A
B
1.Outage
2.Rock
3.Epicenter
4.Tremors
5.Prefecture
6.Hinder
a. an area of administration
b. prevent
c. slight shakings
d. a period of time when the supply of electricity, gas, etc. stops working.
e. shake violently
f. central point ( of an earthquake)
VIII . GAMES USED IN TEACHING READING :
Slap the board .
 We can use the game in many ways such as:
When students study words relating to objects such as fruits, vegetables, food, drinks, things in a house,etc, the teacher can collects real things and hang them on the board. Then the teacher reads the words in English , the students hear the words and run to the board to slap the right objects.
The teacher can read the words in English, the students hear the words and run to the board and slap their Vietnamese meanings.
The teacher can read the Vietnamese meanings ,the students hear the words and run to the board and slap the Englihs words.
What and where .
- We can use this game to check students’understanding of the new words. It is better to use this game if there are a few new words in the lesson.
Rub out and remenber .
 We can use this game if there are a few words in the lesson and the new words are not difficult to remember.
Pyramid ( Ask the students to work in groups to make a list of the words relating to a topic)
We can use this game at the Lead-in stage in order to help students to remember as much as possible words relating to the topic of the lesson.
 Matching.
If there are many new words in the lesson, it is good for us to use this game. There are many ways to do the matching such as:
 + Match the English words with their Vietnamese meanings
 + Match the English words with the pictures.
 + Match the English words with real objects. 
Lucky numbers.
 - We can use this game at the warm-up stage in order to review the previous knowledge.
 - We can also use this game at the consolidation stage in order to check the students’ understanding of the lesson.
noughts and crosses.
This game can be used at the lead-in stage or at the consolidation stage.
Network.
We can use this game in order to help students remember words relating to the topic of the lesson. This game is often used at the lead-in stage.
Brainstorming . 
 - We can use this game in order to review the previous knowledge which relating to the new lesson.
pART 3
CONCLUsION
I . TO TEACHERS :
 In conclusion ,to teach reading well, teachers of English must folow the methods , the techniques , the principles , the steps, the games and the ways as mentioned above . Moreover , If the teachers want students to be good at reading skill , they must provide many kinds of exercises to their students . Students must practice these kinds of exercises frequently .
If teachers of English use the knowledge I mentioned in this material , I’m sure that their classes are very exciting and their students are easily to understand the lessons .
I think the knowledge I have mentioned in this material is very useful in teaching reading . It is used widely in my school and we get best results in teaching English.
To use the methods , the techniques , the principles , the steps , the games and the ways I have mentioned in this material well , English teachers must prepare the lesson carefully before the classes . The teachers must prepare the lesson plans well.A good teacher must always read reference books to develop their knowledge .The teachers must in turn use different methods , different techniques in different kinds of lessons so that their teaching has good results .
II . TO STUDENTS :
To have good results from studying , beside the good teaching from teachers , students must have good attitudes of studying .Students must learn the previous lessons well , and prepare for the new lessons carefully . students must observe the importance of their studying . They must practice doing reading exercises day by day . 
III .THE ACHIEVEMENTS DURING OVER THREE YEARS USING THESE EXPERIENCES : 
 During a long time using these experiences in teaching reading , I have achieved a lot of worth successes in my life of teaching as the following results .
1.The school year: 2004 – 2005:
- Trần Thị Nhiên : giải nhì - học sinh giỏi cấp huyện .
- Nguyễn Thị Hồng Tươi : giải ba - học sinh giỏi cấp huyện .
2.The school year : 2005 – 2006 .
-Trần Thị Nhiên : giải nhì - học sinh giỏi cấp huyện / giải khuyến khích - học sinh giỏi cấp tỉnh.
-Nguyễn Thị Hồng Tươi : giải nhì - học sinh giỏi cấp huyện .
-Huỳnh Thị Thuý Kiều : giải nhì - học sinh giỏi cấp huyện .
-Đinh Thiên Kim : giải ba - học sinh giỏi cấp huyện .
- Huỳnh thị Ánh Tuyết : giải ba - học sinh giỏi cấp huyện .
3.The school year : 2006 – 2007 .
-Đặng Thị Minh Chung : giải nhì - học sinh giỏi cấp huyện .
-Đặng Nguyễn Thuỳ Linh : giải nhì - học sinh giỏi cấp huyện .
-Nguyễn Thị Hiếu : giải nhì - học sinh giỏi cấp huyện .
-Nguyễn Thị Thảo : giải nhì - học sinh giỏi cấp huyện .
-Nguyễn Đắc Lộc : giải ba - học sinh giỏi cấp huyện .
-Nguyễn Thị Tuyết Sang : giải ba - học sinh giỏi cấp huyện .
-Nguyễn Tất : giải khuyến khích - học sinh giỏi cấp huyện .
* With the above results , I think my experiences in teaching reading are very practical, helpful , and important . They not only help students study better , but also give students a lot of different chances to practice English .Therefore , my experiences make students study English better and better and the English classes are more exciting .
* My ideas above are all my own experiences in teaching reading which I have collected for a long time . With such a large topic , I think my material still has deficiencies and mistakes . I hope all of you are sincere to give me your ideas about this topic.Thank you .
 Binh Nghi , March 1st , 2007 .
 LE THI THU